Laporan Akhir Praktikum modul 3 Mikro
Laporan Akhir
Percobaan 1 UART (STM – STM)
HAL_UART_Transmit.HAL_UART_Receive. yang nanti di outputkan pada LED- STM32F103C8
- Breadboard
- Jumper male to male
- Push Button
- LED Merah
- Rangkaian Simulasi
- Prinsip Kerja
Pada percobaan modul ini, dilakukan implementasi komunikasi serial UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter) antara dua mikrokontroler STM32. Kedua STM32 di hubungkan dengan pin-pin yang sama sehingga nanti bisa berkomunikasi. Salah satu STM32 berperan sebagai pemancar (transmitter) dan yang lainnya sebagai penerima (receiver). Komunikasi UART bersifat asinkron, artinya tidak memerlukan sinyal clock bersama, cukup dengan menyamakan baud rate dan parameter lain seperti jumlah bit data, bit parity, dan stop bit. Komunikasi dilakukan melalui pin TX dan RX, di mana pin TX STM pertama dihubungkan ke RX STM kedua.
Dalam percobaan, mikrokontroler pertama membaca status dari beberapa push button yang terhubung ke GPIO, kemudian mengubah status tersebut ke dalam bentuk karakter ('0' atau '1') dan mengirimkannya secara serial melalui UART. Data dikirim setiap beberapa milidetik secara berulang menggunakan fungsi HAL_UART_Transmit. Sementara itu, mikrokontroler kedua menunggu dan membaca data yang diterima menggunakan fungsi HAL_UART_Receive. Setelah data diterima, mikrokontroler ini mengatur kondisi pin output untuk menyalakan atau mematikan LED sesuai data yang diterima, serta mengirimkan kembali data tersebut sebagai respon.
- Flowchart
- Listing Program
TX:
/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file : main.c
* @brief : Main program body
******************************************************************************
* @attention
*
* Copyright (c) 2025 STMicroelectronics.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
* in the root directory of this software component.
* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
/* USER CODE END Includes */
/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
/* USER CODE END PTD */
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD */
/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */
/* USER CODE END PM */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
UART_HandleTypeDef huart1;
/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
uint8_t buttonStates[4] = {'0', '0', '0', '0'}; // Status awal: semua button tidak ditekan
/* USER CODE END PV */
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
static void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
/* USER CODE END PFP */
/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
uint8_t charToTransmit[5];
/* USER CODE END 0 */
/**
* @brief The application entry point.
* @retval int
*/
int main(void)
{
HAL_Init();
SystemClock_Config();
MX_GPIO_Init();
MX_USART1_UART_Init();
while (1)
{
// Baca status push button (PA1-PA4) dengan pull-up
buttonStates[0] = (HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_1) == GPIO_PIN_SET) ? '1' : '0'; // PA1
buttonStates[1] = (HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_2) == GPIO_PIN_SET) ? '1' : '0'; // PA2
buttonStates[2] = (HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_3) == GPIO_PIN_SET) ? '1' : '0'; // PA3
buttonStates[3] = (HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_4) == GPIO_PIN_SET) ? '1' : '0'; // PA4
// Kirim data status tombol via UART
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, buttonStates, 4, 100);
HAL_Delay(100); // Debouncing tombol (perlu menyesuaikan dengan aplikasi)
}
}
/**
* @brief System Clock Configuration
* @retval None
*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue = RCC_HSICALIBRATION_DEFAULT;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_NONE;
if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK | RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
| RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1 | RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_HSI;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_0) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
}
/**
* @brief USART1 Initialization Function
* @param None
* @retval None
*/
static void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void)
{
huart1.Instance = USART1;
huart1.Init.BaudRate = 9600;
huart1.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
huart1.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
huart1.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
huart1.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
huart1.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
huart1.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart1) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
}
/**
* @brief GPIO Initialization Function
* @param None
* @retval None
*/
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
__HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
// Mengonfigurasi tombol PA1-PA4 sebagai input dengan pull-up
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_1 | GPIO_PIN_2 | GPIO_PIN_3 | GPIO_PIN_4;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_PULLUP; // Pull-up untuk tombol
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);
}
/**
* @brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
* @retval None
*/
void Error_Handler(void)
{
__disable_irq();
while (1)
{
}
}
#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
/* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number */
}
#endif
Rx:
/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file : main.c
* @brief : Main program body
******************************************************************************
* @attention
*
* Copyright (c) 2025 STMicroelectronics.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
* in the root directory of this software component.
* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
/* USER CODE END Includes */
/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
/* USER CODE END PTD */
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD */
/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */
/* USER CODE END PM */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
UART_HandleTypeDef huart1;
/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
uint8_t receivedData[4]; // Menyimpan data yang diterima
/* USER CODE END PV */
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
static void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
/* USER CODE END PFP */
/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
/* USER CODE END 0 */
/**
* @brief The application entry point.
* @retval int
*/
int main(void)
{
/* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/
HAL_Init();
SystemClock_Config();
MX_GPIO_Init();
MX_USART1_UART_Init();
/* Infinite loop */
while (1)
{
// Menerima data 4 byte (status button)
if(HAL_UART_Receive(&huart1, receivedData, 4, 100) == HAL_OK)
{
// Kontrol LED berdasarkan status tombol
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_1, (receivedData[0] == '0') ? GPIO_PIN_SET : GPIO_PIN_RESET);
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_2, (receivedData[1] == '0') ? GPIO_PIN_SET : GPIO_PIN_RESET);
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_3, (receivedData[2] == '0') ? GPIO_PIN_SET : GPIO_PIN_RESET);
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_4, (receivedData[3] == '0') ? GPIO_PIN_SET : GPIO_PIN_RESET);
// Kirim balik data sebagai verifikasi atau debug
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, receivedData, 4, 100);
}
HAL_Delay(50); // Delay untuk stabilitas komunikasi
}
}
/**
* @brief System Clock Configuration
* @retval None
*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue = RCC_HSICALIBRATION_DEFAULT;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_NONE;
if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_HSI;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_0) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
}
/**
* @brief USART1 Initialization Function
* @param None
* @retval None
*/
static void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void)
{
huart1.Instance = USART1;
huart1.Init.BaudRate = 9600;
huart1.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
huart1.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
huart1.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
huart1.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
huart1.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
huart1.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart1) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
}
/**
* @brief GPIO Initialization Function
* @param None
* @retval None
*/
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
__HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_1|GPIO_PIN_2|GPIO_PIN_3|GPIO_PIN_4, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_1|GPIO_PIN_2|GPIO_PIN_3|GPIO_PIN_4;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);
}
/**
* @brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
* @retval None
*/
void Error_Handler(void)
{
__disable_irq();
while (1)
{
}
}
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